Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States and involves abnormal growths of skin cells that can form anywhere on the body but most frequently appear on skin that is exposed to the sun. There are more than a million new cases of skin cancer in the US each year. Although most cases of skin cancer can be successfully treated, it is still important to keep skin safe and healthy and try to prevent this disease.
Types of Skin Cancer
There are three major types of skin cancer that affect associated layers of the skin:
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma – Affects the squamous cells, which are just below the outer surface of the skin and serve as the inner lining.
- Basal Cell Carcinoma – Affects the basal cells, which lay under the squamous cells and produce new skin cells.
- Melanoma – The most serious form of skin cancer; affects the melanocytes, which produce melanin.
Causes and Risk Factors
Every day, skin cells die and new ones form to replace them through DNA-controlled processes. Skin cancer can form when this process does not work properly due to damaged DNA. When these processes do not function properly, tumors may form.
Primary causes of DNA damage include:
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight
- Tanning lamps
Other risk factors include:
- Heredity and age
- Fair skin
- Moles
- Weakened immune system
- Diagnosis
Medical attention is necessary after noticing any skin changes, as early detection is valuable in successfully treating skin cancer. Regular full-body screening is recommended. A biopsy is usually performed to accurately diagnose suspected cancerous growths.
Skin Cancer Treatment Options
Treatment for skin cancer depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor. Most options aim to remove the entire growth, are generally effective, and can be performed in an outpatient setting. Common treatment methods include:
Excision & Mohs Surgery
Laser Therapy
Chemotherapy
Freezing
Although most treatments are successful, recurrence is still possible. Therefore, practicing preventive measures and seeing your doctor regularly is essential. Self-skin exams are also recommended to detect any changes promptly.
Schedule Your Skin Cancer Screening Today
Early detection saves lives and preserves healthy tissue. If you've noticed any changes in your skin, have risk factors for skin cancer, or are due for your annual screening, don't delay seeking professional evaluation.