Allergy Education by Brevard ENT Center
What Are Allergies?
Allergies are a common condition affecting more than one out of every five people. Allergies are an abnormal response of the immune system triggered by a typically harmless substance. This substance, such as pollen, mold, or animal dander, is known as an allergen.
When a person is exposed to an allergen, their bodies produce antibodies and release a variety of chemicals including histamine. Histamine is the main cause for most allergy symptoms.
Causes and Risk Factors
Most allergies are inherited. People with asthma are more likely to suffer from allergies. Since most allergens are found in the air, the reaction occurs in the eyes, nose, and lungs. If the allergen is ingested, the reaction can occur in the mouth or stomach.
Symptoms of Allergic Reactions
Most allergic reactions result in mild symptoms, including:
- Sneezing
- Runny nose
- Watery eyes
- Itching
- Rashes
Moderate or severe reactions are rare but can be life-threatening. Symptoms may include:
- Abdominal pain
- Cramps
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
Bee stings, penicillin, and peanuts can cause more serious reactions.
Seasonal Allergies
Allergies can be seasonal and only cause reactions during certain times of the year. This condition is known as allergic rhinitis or hay fever and is usually caused by pollen and other allergens that are in the air from March until November. These allergies can be affected by the weather.
Allergy Treatments
Allergy treatments are usually prescribed in the form of over-the-counter or prescription medication. Common treatments include:
Antihistamines
Prevent the reaction caused by the release of histamine and reduce symptoms.
Decongestants
Unblock nasal passages and improve breathing.
Nasal Sprays
Keep the nasal passages clean and moist and limit the reaction to allergens.
Immunotherapy
For patients with moderate to severe allergies, immunotherapy may offer long-term relief. This treatment involves regular injections that help your immune system gradually become less sensitive to allergens.
Skin Testing (Done In-Office)
To determine specific allergens, we perform skin testing in our office. This safe, quick procedure helps identify which substances are causing your symptoms.
The most effective treatment in relieving allergy symptoms is simply to avoid the allergen. Wearing sunglasses while outside and washing your hands frequently can help to keep you free of contamination.
Frequently Asked Questions About Allergies
How do I know if I have allergies or just a cold?
While both conditions can cause similar symptoms like runny nose and congestion, there are key differences. Allergies typically last longer than colds (weeks or months vs. 7-10 days), often occur at the same time each year, and include itchy eyes and nose – which are rare with colds. Allergy symptoms also tend to be more consistent, while cold symptoms usually worsen and then improve. If you're experiencing persistent symptoms, especially during Florida's peak pollen seasons, it's likely allergies.
When is the best time to start allergy treatment?
The ideal time to begin treatment is before your symptoms start – typically 2-4 weeks before your known allergy season. For year-round allergies, there's no wrong time to start treatment. However, if you're already experiencing symptoms, don't wait – many treatments can provide relief within days. Our ENT specialists can help determine the optimal treatment timing based on your specific triggers and symptom patterns.
Are allergy shots really effective, and how long do they take to work?
Allergy shots (immunotherapy) are highly effective for most patients, with success rates of 80-90% for environmental allergies. Most patients begin noticing improvement within 3-6 months, with maximum benefits typically achieved after 1-2 years of treatment. The entire treatment course usually lasts 3-5 years, but many patients experience lasting relief for years after completion. It's one of the few treatments that can actually modify your immune system's response to allergens.
Can children receive allergy treatment, and is it safe?
Yes, children as young as 4-5 years old can safely receive most allergy treatments. In fact, early treatment is often beneficial because it can prevent allergies from worsening and may reduce the risk of developing asthma. We offer child-friendly treatment options including liquid medications, nasal sprays, and even sublingual (under-the-tongue) immunotherapy for children who can't tolerate shots. Our ENT specialists will work with you to determine the safest, most effective approach for your child.
Will my insurance cover allergy testing and treatment?
Most insurance plans, including Medicare, cover allergy testing and treatment when medically necessary. Coverage typically includes diagnostic testing, prescription medications, and immunotherapy. However, specific coverage details vary by plan. Our office staff will verify your benefits and work with your insurance company to maximize your coverage. We also offer payment plans for any out-of-pocket expenses to ensure cost doesn't prevent you from getting the relief you need.
Ready to Breathe Easier?
Don't let allergies control your life another day. Whether you're dealing with seasonal hay fever or year-round symptoms, our experienced team is ready to help you find relief.